C3 Curcumin Complex EXTRA STRENGTH

C3 Curcumin Complex
Research and Summary Comments

Ingredients:

Curcumin C3 Complex® (Turmeric extract standardized to 95% Curcuminoids)
BioPerine® piperine (black pepper extract) (Piper nigrum)

1. Mitigation of Systemic Oxidative Stress by Curcuminoids in Osteoarthritis: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Curcumin supplementation in reducing the oxidative stress by measuring the levels of serum concentration of important biomarkers in patients with knee OA.
In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, 6-week trial 53 subjects who complied with inclusion criteria were included in the trial and were divided in two groups. Subjects were administered either 3 capsules of Curcumin C3 Complex® formulation (500 mg Curcumin C3 Complex® and 5 mg BioPerine® combination) daily or matching placebo.

The primary efficacy measures of this trial were changes in clinical symptoms of OA using Osteo-arthritic index such as LPFI, WOMAC, VAS and improvement in stiffness, pain and increase in mobility of the joints. The biomarkers for oxidative stress (as a secondary efficacy measure) were evaluated in both Curcumin and placebo groups.

The study showed improvement in the Osteo-arthritic index such as LPFI, WOMAC, VAS and as well as improvement in stiffness, pain and increase in mobility of the joints in patients treated with Curcumin C3 Complex®- BioPerine® group.

Serum samples evaluation demonstrated that oxidative stress was reduced significantly with increase in serum levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and glutathione s-transferase (GSH) and concurrently there was decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in Curcumin C3 Complex®- BioPerine® group

Takeaway:
Following 6 weeks of supplementation with Curcumin C3 Complex®- BioPerine®, a significant improvement in systemic oxidative stress biomarkers was seen, which further validates antioxidant effects of curcuminoids in chronic disease like OA.

2. A randomized, pilot study to assess the efficacy and safety of curcumin in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.

Curcumin is known to possess potent anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties.
This pilot clinical study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of curcumin alone, and in combination with diclofenac sodium in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Forty-five patients diagnosed with RA were randomized into three groups with patients receiving curcumin (500 mg) and diclofenac sodium (50 mg) alone or their combination. The primary endpoints were reduction in Disease Activity Score (DAS) 28. The secondary endpoints included American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for reduction in tenderness and swelling of joint scores.

Patients in all three treatment groups showed statistically significant changes in their DAS scores. Interestingly, the curcumin group showed the highest percentage of improvement in overall DAS and ACR scores (ACR 20, 50 and 70) and these scores were significantly better than the patients in the diclofenac sodium group. More importantly, curcumin treatment was found to be safe and did not relate with any adverse events.

Takeaway:
This study provides the first evidence for the safety and superiority of curcumin treatment in patients with active RA.

3. The spice for joint inflammation: anti-inflammatory role of curcumin in treating osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of the joint affecting aging populations worldwide. It has an underlying inflammatory cause, which contributes to the loss of chondrocytes, leading to diminished cartilage layer at the affected joints. Compounds with anti-inflammatory properties are potential treatment agents for osteoarthritis. Curcumin derived from Curcuma species is an anti-inflammatory compound as such.

This review aims to summarize the anti-osteoarthritic effects of curcumin derived from clinical and preclinical studies. Extracts of Curcuma species, curcuminoids and enhanced curcumin, were used in these studies.

Patients with osteoarthritis showed improvement in pain, physical function, and quality of life after taking curcumin. They also reported reduced concomitant usage of analgesics and side effects during treatment. In vitro studies demonstrated that curcumin could prevent the apoptosis of chondrocytes, suppress the release of proteoglycans and metal metalloproteases and expression of cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin E-2, and inflammatory cytokines in chondrocytes.

These were achieved by blocking the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) system in the chondrocytes, by preventing the activation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha, phosphorylation, and translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB complexes into the nucleus.

Takeaway:
Curcumin shows promise as a potential candidate for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

4. Safety and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Curcumin: A Component of Tumeric (Curcuma longa)

Turmeric is a spice that comes from the root Curcuma longa, a member of the ginger family, Zingaberaceae. In Ayurveda (Indian traditional medicine), tumeric has been used for its medicinal properties for various indications and through different routes of administration, including topically, orally, and by inhalation. Curcuminoids are components of tumeric, which include mainly curcumin (diferuloyl methane), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcmin.

The goal of this systematic review of the literature was to summarize the literature on the safety and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin.

A large number of studies on curcumin were identified. These included studies on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antifungal properties of curcuminoids. Studies on the toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin have included in vitro, animal, and human studies.

A phase 1 human trial with 25 subjects using up to 8000 mg of curcumin per day for 3 months found no toxicity from curcumin. Five other human trials using 1125-2500 mg of curcumin per day have also found it to be safe. These human studies have found some evidence of anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin. The laboratory studies have identified a number of different molecules involved in inflammation that are inhibited by curcumin including phospholipase, lipooxygenase, cyclooxygenase 2, leukotrienes, thromboxane, prostaglandins, nitric oxide, collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interferon-inducible protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-12 (IL-12).

Takeaway:
Curcumin has been demonstrated to be safe in six human trials and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of a number of different molecules that play a role in inflammation as noted above in the study summation.

5. Evidence for the Participation of Acid-Sensing Ion Channels (ASICs) in the Antinociceptive Effect of Curcumin in a Formalin-Induced Orofacial Inflammatory Model.

Curcumin, a major bioactive component of turmeric, has diverse therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antinociceptive activities. The acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), which can be activated by acute drops in the extracellular pH, play an important role in nociception. However, very little is known about the interaction between ASICs and curcumin in nociception of inflammation.

In our study, we investigated whether the antinociceptive effects of curcumin are mediated via ASICs using an orofacial nociceptive model and in vitro western blotting, immunofluorescence, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in the trigeminal system. Intraperitoneally administered curcumin at a dose of 50 mg/kg can reduce hyperalgesia in both the phases of a formalin-induced orofacial nociceptive model. Curcumin reduced the amplitude of ASICs currents in a dose-dependent manner in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons, and curcumin also reduced the protein quantity but did not change the distribution of ASICs in TG.

Takeaway:
Study results indicate that curcumin can reduce formalin-induced ASICs activation and thus inhibit ASICs-mediated inflammatory pain hypersensitivity.

6. Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts compared with ibuprofen in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter study.

The goal was to determine the efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts in pain reduction and functional improvement.

367 primary knee osteoarthritis patients with a pain score of 5 or higher were randomized to receive ibuprofen 1,200 mg/day or C. domestica extracts 1,500 mg/day for 4 weeks. The main outcomes were Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total, WOMAC pain, WOMAC stiffness, and WOMAC function scores. Adverse events (AEs) were also recorded.

The mean of all WOMAC scores at weeks 0, 2, and 4 showed significant improvement when compared with the baseline in both groups. After using the noninferiority test, the mean difference (95% confidence interval) of WOMAC total, WOMAC pain, and WOMAC function scores at week 4 adjusted by values at week 0 of C. domestica extracts were noninferior to those for the ibuprofen group (P=0.010, P=0.018, and P=0.010, respectively), except for the WOMAC stiffness subscale, which showed a trend toward significance (P=0.060). The number of patients who developed AEs was no different between groups.

However, the number of events of abdominal pain/discomfort was significantly higher in the ibuprofen group than that in the C. domestica extracts group (P=0.046).

Takeaway:
Curcumin extracts are as effective as ibuprofen for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. The side effect profile was similar but with fewer gastrointestinal AE reports in the Curcumin extracts group.

7. Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers.

In this study, the effect of combining piperine, a known inhibitor of hepatic and intestinal glucuronidation, was evaluated on the bioavailability of curcumin in rats and healthy human volunteers.

When curcumin was given alone, in the dose 2 g/kg to rats, moderate serum concentrations were achieved over a period of 4 h. Concomitant administration of piperine 20 mg/kg increased the serum concentration of curcumin for a short period of 1-2 h post drug. Time to maximum was significantly increased (P < 0.02) while elimination half-life and clearance significantly decreased (P < 0.02), and the bioavailability was increased by 154%. In humans after a dose of 2 g curcumin alone, serum levels were either undetectable or very low. Concomitant administration of piperine 20 mg produced much higher concentrations from 0.25 to 1 h post drug (P < 0.01 at 0.25 and 0.5 h; P < 0.001 at 1 h), the increase in bioavailability was 2000%. Takeaway:
The study shows that in the dosages used, piperine enhances the serum concentration, absorption and bioavailability of curcumin in both rats and humans with no adverse effects.

Citation links:
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25688638
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22407780/
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27703331
4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12676044
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27383838
6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24672232
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9619120

Standard Dose

Take 6 sprays by mouth, twice daily.

Higher Dose

Take 12 sprays by mouth, twice daily.

Optimal Use

• Spray, swish and swallow. You may take other Results RNA formulas immediately.
• Do not eat or drink for 2 minutes following.
• Take as recommended by your physician.

SERVING SIZE

Serving size: 12 sprays
Servings Per Container: Approx. 60

AMOUNT PER SERVING
Proprietary Blend 25.0 mg*

Ingredients

Curcumin C3 Complex® (Turmeric extract standardized to 95% Curcuminoids), BioPerine® black pepper extract (piper nigrum) (fruit) (standardized to contain 95% piperine), Peppermint Leaf (Mentha x piperita) and Natural Trace Minerals.

* % Daily value not established

Curcumin C3 Complex® and BioPerine® are registered trademarks of the Sabinsa Corporation.

For Best Results:

Take C3 Curcumin Complex Extra Strength with the Ultimate Body Detox System to achieve optimal relief and total body detoxification.